Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) UPSC

Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)

Objective of Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)

• Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) aims at providing Functional Household Tap Connection (FHTC) to every rural household by 2024. - FHTC –

Functionality of a tap connection 

is defined as having infrastructure, i.e. household tap connection providing water in adequate quantity, i.e. at least 55 lpcd (litre per capita per day), of 

prescribed quality, i.e. BIS:10500 

standard, on regular basis, i.e. 

continuous supply in long-term.

• to provide functional tap connection to Schools, Anganwadi centres, GP buildings, Health centres, wellness centres and community buildings

Features:

• Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) is an upgraded version of the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) that was launched in 2009.

• Components under Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM): 

- development of in-village piped water supply infrastructure 

- development of reliable drinking water sources and/or augmentation of existing sources to provide long-term sustainability of water supply system

- technological interventions for removal of contaminants where water quality is an issue

- greywater management (domestic non-faecal wastewater)

- development of utilities, water quality laboratories, water quality testing & surveillance, R&D, knowledge centre, capacity building of communities, etc

• Community driven approach: The 73rd Amendment to the Constitution of India has placed the subject of drinking water in the 11th Schedule. So, under JJM, Gram Panchayats and local community play the pivotal role. 

• Fund sharing pattern: 90:10 for Himalayan and North-Eastern States; 50:50 for other States and 100% for UTs.

• Institutional Mechanism for implementation:

- National Jal Jeevan Mission: provide policy guidance, financial assistance and technical support to States

- State Water and Sanitation Mission (SWSM): finalization of State Action Plan (SAP), financial planning etc.

- District Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM): headed by Deputy Commissioner/ District Collector (DC), it is responsible for overall implementation of Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM).

- Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committees: provide FHTC to every existing rural HH, ensure preparation of Village Action Plan (VAP) etc.

• Implementation strategy:

- Time bound completion of schemes has been proposed

- Priority to cover water quality affected habitations will be given

- No expenditure like electricity charges, salary of regular staff, and purchase of land, etc, will be allowed from the central share

- 'utility-based approach': this will enable institutions to function as utilities and focus on drinking water supply services and recover water tariffs from all kinds of consumers.

- Convergence: convergence with existing schemes such as MGNREGS to implement measures like rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge etc. 

- Incentive for community: community would be rewarded to the tune of 10% of the capital expenditure on their respective in-village water supply scheme

• Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance (WQM&S): includes setting up and maintenance of water quality testing labs and surveillance activities by community.